PARGE® Results
PARGE: Overview | Background | Features | Method | Results | Screenshots
Since the first release of PARGE in the year 2000, a vast amount of data from AVIRIS, DAIS 7915, Hymap, CASI, MIVIS, PHILLS, and SAMSON and more recently from the Probe-1, AISA Eagle Fenix and FX, Headwall Hyperspec and Nano, Hyspex, Mjolnir and Resonon Pika instruments has been successfully processed. The processing is done in both, research environments using the PARGE workbench structure and in operational large volume processing using the batch processing capabilities of the software. The output accuracies are directly related the input parameter quality, while the various calibration procedures within PARGE help to improve quality and reliability of the outputs. With recent data sets, sub-pixel accuracies below 0.5 pixels could be proven in relation to orthophoto data basis, using high accuracy and well integrated IMU systems combined with high high resolution DSMs. An example of Florida Environmental Research Institute's Spectroscopic Aerial Mapping System with Onboard Navigation (SAMSON) sensor shows the good agreement on the basis of 1m spatial resolution:
Overlay of two mosaiked SAMSON flight lines with an aerial Orthophoto in an
urban environment.
© FERI/ReSe 2007
Highest accuracy can only be achieved with stable parameter acquisition and high quality Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) in combination with a digital surface model of the same spatial resolution. For each instrument a boresight calibration has to be performed using either ground based GCPs, Ortho-Image reference data or cross pattern flights. The below example shows such a cross-pattern boresight alignment flight setup:
Cross pattern boresighting example output, Mysen Norway (Hyspex VNIR1800 instrument, 2018)
© Daniel Schläpfer, ReSe, 2019, © original data by
Terratec, Norway.
The quality assessment in comparison to official topographic maps shows pixel-accurate agreement, e.g. for (historic) HYMAP imagery, flown in 2004 in Switzerland. Such orthorectification is well suited for combination of terrain altitude information with the thematic analysis results:
Orthorectified HYMAP imagery, overlaid with rasterized topographic map and over a DEM. © RSL/ReSe 2004
Accurate rectification and sensor integration are closely related. PARGE contains tools and methods for joint processing of VNIR and SWIR data from sensors mounted on the same platform; An example output is shown below: of :
Orthorectified Hyspex Dual VNIR/SWIR system overlaid on orthophoto; the SWIR strip is shown as narrow overlay. Data: Gueriniere France Hyspex VNIR 1800/SWIR640,© Osuna Univ. Nantes .
As input data quality has improved, the development focus now is on full automatization. Another effort has to be done on quality assessment to allow calculation of the accuracy values for each geocoded image.